Dental Implants in People with Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Systematic Review

Article published Open Source in: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(3):1563

Authors: Oelerich O, Kleinheinz J, Bohner L, Wiesmüller V, Hanisch M.

Content: 

What is This Article About?

The article reviews the use of dental implants for people with Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), a condition that causes fragile bones and other issues like tooth loss and jaw problems. It explores whether dental implants are a safe and effective way to replace missing teeth for these patients.

Key Findings from the Review:

Success of Dental Implants:

  • Dental implants have a high success rate (94%) in people with OI, based on the studies reviewed.
  • Implants can provide a reliable and long-lasting solution for missing teeth, even in patients with fragile bones.

Challenges in Implant Treatment:

  • OI can make the jawbone weaker, which might affect how well the implant integrates into the bone.
  • Medications like bisphosphonates (used to strengthen bones in OI) might slow healing but do not seem to significantly increase implant failure.

Safety Considerations:

  • There were no reports of severe complications, such as jawbone infections (osteonecrosis), in OI patients who received implants.
  • Pre-surgery procedures like bone grafting or sinus lifts were sometimes needed to strengthen the jawbone.

Importance of Careful Planning:

  • Each patient’s treatment should be tailored to their specific needs, including the severity of OI, medications they are taking, and the condition of their jawbone.

Summary

  • Dental implants are a viable option for replacing missing teeth in people with OI, offering improved appearance, function, and quality of life.
  • Careful evaluation by a specialist experienced In OI is essential to ensure the best outcomes, as some additional procedures (like bone strengthening) may be necessary before placing implants.